偽造數據或缺乏適當的資料處理程序,如故意提供錯誤的參考文獻。
1. Knowingly misrepresenting the truth or concealing a material (or relevant) fact to induce someone to make a decision to his or her detriment. Some forms of research misconduct may also qualify as fraud. A person who commits fraud may face civil or criminal legal liability.
2. An intentional deception perpetrated to secure an unfair gain.
| 中文詞彙 | 英文詞彙 | 內容 |
|---|---|---|
| 學術欺騙,或稱學術不誠實 | Academic deception (fraud); also called as academic dishonesty | 查看 |