開放科學為涵蓋了各式行動和實踐,並以讓多國語言的科學知識可以為所有人公開取用、重複使用;為了科學和社會的利益增加科學合作及資訊共享;開放科學知識和社會上傳統科學社群以外的參與者的創造、評價、和溝通的過程等目標而發展出來的一套構想。(UNESCO)
開放科學概念應用於行政與制度建立上,主要有兩個面向,其一為政府資助產出科學期刊論文等研究成果的開放取用(open access),意圖解決期刊雜誌訂閱費用過高,導致研究成果流通困難的問題,屬於早期開放科學關注的重點;其二則係使用官方研究資金進行研發時,於研究過程中取得的實驗、觀測及調查之研究資料開放運用,為近期政策與制度性倡議所聚焦,目的為使科學界、產業界以及一般社會大眾得以廣為接收並利用該些研究結果
Open Science represents a new approach to the scientific process based on cooperative work and new ways of diffusing knowledge by using digital technologies and new collaborative tools.
Open Science is the practice of science in such a way that others can collaborate and contribute, where research data, lab notes and other research processes are freely available, under terms that enable reuse, redistribution and reproduction of the research and its underlying data and methods.
翻譯自UNESCO(2021). UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science , p. 7. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379949.locale=en
資訊工業策進會科技法律研究所(n.d.)開放科學(open science)。https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=67&tp=5&d=8254
European Commission. (2016). Open Innovation, Open Science and Open to the World—a vision for Europe. European Commission. https://doi.org/10.2777/552370
Foster. (n.d.). Open Science Definition. Foster. https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/taxonomy/term/100
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