易受傷害族群的定義大致可分為兩種,第一種強調受試者是否擁有足夠能力及清楚意識去理解並行使知情同意;第二種則強調受試者(通常是政治、經濟或社會上的弱勢族群)因與研究者(包含研究者及資助者)之間的權力不對等而成為易受傷害族群。易受傷害族群一般包括:胎兒及胚胎;兒童、青少年及中小學生;第一期臨床試驗的健康成年人;婦女及孕婦;決定能力減損者;從屬族群(如犯人、軍人、大專學生、受雇者等);末期患者;災民;發展中國家人民;原住民與新移民。
A research subject who has an increased susceptibility to harm or exploitation due to his or her compromised ability to make decisions or advocate for his/her interests or his/her dependency. Vulnerability may be based on age, mental disability, institutionalization, language barriers, socioeconomic deprivation, or other factors.
蔡甫昌,許毓仁。(2013)。易受傷害族群研究之倫理議題。台灣醫學,17(6),662–675。 https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2013.17(6).11
Resnik, D. B. (2015). Glossary of commonly used terms in research ethics. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/glossary/index.cfm
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