指研究者、指導者、審查者等,基於職務、地位或資源差異,對學生、受試者或同儕形成結構性優勢,可能影響其自由意志或公平對待。
Relationships in which there is an asymmetry of power, for example where one person is in a position of authority over another or others.
1. 教育部. (2011). 專科以上學校學術倫理案件處理原則. 教育部主管法規資料庫. https://edu.law.moe.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=FL008618
2. 衛生福利部. (2011). 人體研究法. 全國法規資料庫. https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=L0020162
1. University of Oxford. (n.d.). Research ethics glossary – A–Z: Special category data (Unequal relationships). Retrieved August 25, 2025, from https://researchsupport.admin.ox.ac.uk/governance/ethics/faqs-glossary/glossary#special_category_data
2. National Ethics Advisory Committee (New Zealand). (2023, March 16). Participants in a situation of power imbalance. In National Ethical Standards, part two: Ethical management of vulnerability. Retrieved August 25, 2025, from https://neac.health.govt.nz/national-ethical-standards/part-two/6-ethical-management-of-vulnerability/
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